Histology Case. Histology Case Resolution Template Background: Histology is referred to as a study of microscopic anatomy (microanatomy) of tissues and cells while metastasis is the spreading of cancer from organ to organ. Many different types of epidermal growth factor receptor gene alterations are seen in human tumors. Melanomas may develop elsewhere in the body and many patients die from distant metastasis.
Case presentation: A 62 year old woman who never had a history of cancer went for medication because she had severe shoulder pain. After examination using radiographs and imaging it was found that she had primary and metastatic lung cancer. This patient had shoulder pains and later was diagnosed with carcinoma of scapula and spine. It was found that the metastasis was from the lung.
Conclusion: Primary lung cancer can at times not be identified but musculoskeletal symptoms may show primary or metastatic pulmonary disease.
Identification of Metastatic tissues: The Fourier transform-infrared statistical models are able to identify the changes in structure of DNA at different levels of development of tumors. The DNA structures that are connected to the development of metastasis are usually foreordained in the progenitor cells much earlier in several steps of tumorigenesis. Biopsy and immunoglobulin methods used to diagnose cancer. People having metastasis in lungs may not show symptoms early but through medical examination and with using imaging techniques can be used to diagnose primary cancer that lead to the diagnosis of pulmonary metastasis. In case of slow developing primary tumor, metastasis can be noticed much early at the initial stages of the disease. The spread is usually through blood, lymphatic vessels or both.
Identified cells in sample of lung tissue and their characteristics: The affected cells in the lung tissues are like the goblet cell, epithelial cells basal cells etc. The epithelia cells have a define shape. The following are the characteristics of the epithelia cells i. e. they can be polygonal or cuboidal or rectangular. Few are irregular. They are compactly arranged on a tiny membrane. They usually lack intercellular spaces. They have a lot of cytoplasm. They are uninucleate. They can undergo mitotic divisions. Goblet cells have the following characteristics i. e. they are cup shaped and produce mucous fluid composed of a protein called mucin that is bonded with an electrolyte solution.
Identifying cells responsible for the tumor: Melanoma pigment is found on these epithelia cells once they are metastasized. Melanoma can be described as a cancer of cells that produce pigments and are found on the mucous membranes. Their presence is an indication cancer and should therefore be treated while still on an early stage. Multiple colors in a single lesion or asymmetry are an indication of the presence of melanoma.
Source of information to determine the identity and migration of the cells: M. J. Lynch, (1983). Lynchs medical laboratory technology. 4th Ed: Holt-Saunders in London.
Proposed clinical considerations: Metastasis extensions on structures of the skeleton can be hard to detect if primary cancer is not identified. In such a case you have to consider checking on presentations on initial pain which can be mild. In early stages of disease development, significant red flag identifiers may not be present and these can delay identification. The affected person may or may not know of the primary cancer existence. Sometimes due to complex medical factors it can be difficult to easily identify metastatic diseases.
My rating, conclusion and solution to this case: In a scale of 1-5 I rate my solution with a 3. Musculoskeletal symptoms usually occur in chiropractic practice and therefore it is necessary to know that primary lung cancer can at times not be identified and there may be musculoskeletal symptoms to show primary/ metastatic pulmonary disease.
Other information you would like to have to resolve this case: To clearly identify primary or metastatic disease, careful evaluation process and proper diagnostic tests should be done. These may include blood tests/Hematology tests and alternate chemotherapy.
Works cited
Beckles MA, Spiro SG, Colice GL, Rudd RM. “ Initial evaluation of the patient with lung cancer – symptoms, signs, laboratory tests, and paraneoplastic syndromes.” Chest Jan.(2003): 97-104. Web
Bragg DG. The diagnosis in staging of primary lung cancer. Radiologic Clinic of North America 1994: 1–14. Web
M. J. Lynch. Lynch’s medical laboratory technology. 4th Ed. UK: Holt-Saunders, 1983. Print
Murphy DR, Letz G, Morris CE. Red flags for serious disease in low back syndromes. Ed. Morris CE. Low Back Syndromes: Integrated Clinical Management. United States of America: McGraw-Hill, 2006. 277–286. Print